Membrane Separation Technology: The Backbone of Sustainable Filtration and Purification
Membrane separation technology has become an indispensable tool in modern industries, offering efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly solutions for separation, concentration, and purification. From producing clean drinking water and treating industrial wastewater to separating gases and recovering valuable biomolecules, membrane systems are redefining the boundaries of separation science.
What Is Membrane Separation?
Membrane separation involves the use of semi-permeable membranes to separate components in a fluid mixture based on properties like size, charge, or chemical affinity. The process is driven by pressure, concentration gradients, or electric potential, making it highly adaptable across various applications.
Types of Membrane Processes
Microfiltration (MF)
Pore size: 0.1–10 µm
Application: Removal of suspended solids, bacteria, and particulates from water and beverages.
Ultrafiltration (UF)
Pore size: 0.01–0.1 µm
Application: Protein separation, enzyme recovery, and pretreatment for reverse osmosis.
Nanofiltration (NF)
Pore size: ~1 nanometer
Application: Water softening, dye separation, and removal of divalent salts.